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Latest News
Dr.Padela recently got published in the Chest. The manuscript uses a clinical case to work through Muslim controversies over brain death and withdrawing life support Here is the link
The recording for our Live Webinar on "Advancing equity for Muslim physicians in the healthcare workforce" and the policy report that stems from our research is available now at : click here
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Integrating PCOR into American Muslim Institutions for Informed COVID-19 Vaccine Decision Making

Overview

Background: Lack of knowledge and capacity for patient-centered outcomes research/comparative clinical effectiveness research (PCOR/CER) limits opportunities for community-based health research in the American Muslim community. It is important for researchers to understand the concerns that American Muslims may have about the COVID-19 vaccines and to work with the community to identify community -driven solutions around vaccines.

Proposed Solution to the Problem: We will leverage tailored resources, e.g., a mosque-based PCOR toolkit; a PCOR and community-based research curriculum, developed by the Initiative for Islam and Medicine (II&M),; and proven expertise, e.g., PCOR and translational public health data analytics, to address knowledge gaps among two new stakeholders in the American Muslim community: Islamic school leaders (i.e., the Islamic Schools League of America [ISLA, which is a leader in supporting Islamic schools] and educators and a prominent social policy research organization (i.e., the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding [ISPU, which is a prominent social policy research organization]. These stakeholders will work with project leads to develop an Islamic school-based PCOR toolkit that can assist Islamic schools in addressing pandemic-related issues, particularly COVID-19 vaccination among American Muslims.

Outcomes:

  • Intermediate-term
  • Adapting the mosque-based PCOR toolkit for Islamic schools
  • Generating a list of potential research projects for stakeholders to partner on around COVID-19 vaccines
  • Developing a concept paper for additional funding of a joint project between stakeholders related to COVID-19 vaccines, to be completed following this project
    • Developing initial proposal on data and research infrastructure needed to sustain future partnerships to conduct PCOR/CER in collaboration with American Muslim institutions, to be completed following this project.
  • Long-term
    • Deepening researchers’ understanding of effective ways to engage with American Muslim institutions
    • Improving health outcomes and decreasing health disparities for the American Muslim community

Objectives:

1

Aim 1:

Engage American Muslim institutions (ISLA and ISPU) that have strong ties to Muslim patients, caregivers, educators, and decision makers using PCOR principles.

2

Aim 2

Build capacity of ISLA leaders for PCOR/CER by adapting the mosque-based PCOR toolkit for usage in Islamic schools and practically implementing this learning in the design of a PCOR/CER toolkit focused on COVID-19 vaccine concerns and informed decision making in the Islamic school setting.

3

Aim 3

Build capacity of ISPU leaders for PCOR/CER by sharing knowledge and skills for setting up data and research infrastructure to conduct future PCOR/CER and practically implement this learning in the design of feasible and practical research projects that focus on delineating disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and promoting informed decision making around COVID-19 vaccines.

Activities:

We will achieve these project aims through a series of virtual and, as allowable, in-person convenings. We will also develop an Islamic school-based PCOR toolkit that can assist Islamic schools in designing PCOR/CER research and addressing COVID-19 pandemic-related issues including vaccinations. We will generate a concept paper based on discussions during the convenings for a joint PCOR/CER project around informed decision making related to COVID-19 vaccines.

Patient and Stakeholder Engagement Plan

American Muslim institutions will be engaged through a series of focused convenings with the overall aim of equipping leaders with the knowledge, skills, and practical insights to effectively conduct PCOR/CER around COVID-19 vaccines in the American Muslim community. These stakeholders will be engaged through online/in-person convenings, pre-convening activities, and participation on the planning committee for the engagement award.

Project Collaborators: This project builds on existing relationships between ISLA, ISPU, and II&M, which were all part of the National Muslim Task Force on COVID-19, and Ayaz Hyder, PhD, from Ohio State University. ISLA provides expertise in education programming and assists with co-learning principles of engagement. ISPU brings a strong research background and social policy lens. II&M is a community-based research and education platform with expertise in PCOR/CER training. Hyder has expertise in community-engaged data analytics and topical expertise in health equity related to COVID-19 surveillance (disparities in the school and community settings), modeling, and vaccination.

Recommendations

  • A more diverse Muslim physician sample experiencing more  discrimination
  • Diversity & Inclusion programming must extend beyond focus on race/ethnicity/sexual orientation
  • Need more research focused on religious identity in minority  physician populations
    and time based-analysis of changes over
    time

Publications

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Presentations

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Tool Kits

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    Funding

    This project is Funded by PCORI

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    Mufti Nazim Khutbah

    Padela Khutbah

    Shkifah Khutbah

    Intervention Study

    Qualitative Study and Interviews

    Fifty Muslim multiethnicity women (40 years old and above) were interviewed (6 focused group) and 19 in individual interviews. We found religious beliefs did informed mammography intention, which includes (1) the perceived religious duty to care for one’s health, (2) religious practices as methods of disease prevention, (3) fatalistic notions about health, and (4) comfort with gender concordant health care.

    Quantitative Study and survey

    240, 40 years of age or older, were surveyed (72 respondents were Arab, 71 South Asian, 59 African American, and 38 from another ethnicity). We found that positive religious coping and perceived religious discrimination in health settings significantly (negatively) affected mammogram adherence among Muslim women in Chicago.

    American Cancer Society mammogram recommendations

    Mammogram recommendation for women at average risk or breast cancer

    • Women between 40 and 44 have a choice to have a mammography every year.
    • Women 45 to 54 should get mammograms every year.
    • Women 55 and older can switch to a mammogram every other year, or they can choose to continue yearly mammograms.

    3R model

    Reframing “switch train tracks”
    • Keep the barriers belief intact but change the way one thinks about it so it is consonant with the desired health behavior
    • Normalizes the barrier belief
    Reprioritize: “show them a better train”
    • Introduce a new belief and create higher valence for it than the barrier belief
    • Normalization of the barrier belief is optional
    Reform: “breakdown the train carriage”
    • Negate the barrier belief by demonstrating its faults by appealing to authority structures

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